On this day 46 years ago, on February 11, 1979 (January 15, 1979 in the lunar calendar), the followers of Khomeini established a new provisional government in Iran. The spiritual leader of the Iranians, Khomeini Khomeini (1902-1989), the leader of the Islamic Shia sect of Iran and the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Born on May 12, 1902 in the small town of Khomein, 56 kilometers from the religious shrine of Qom in Iran. Ayatollah Ruhollah Mousavi Khomeini, whose original surname was Indy, was changed to Khomeini in 1930, meaning Khomein. His maternal grandfather, father, and one older brother were all Ayatollahs (the title of religious leader, meaning will of Allah). After graduating from middle school at the age of 15, he was taught by Hayeri Yezdi, a famous Islamic theologian and religious leader. He went to Qom for further study in 1922 and became a jurist for Islamic theology. In the early 1960s, he became one of the six Grand Ayatollahs of Iran. After teaching in Qom for 40 years, most of Iran's famous contemporary religious scholars were his students. In 1941, he published the book "Unveiling the Mystery", which exposed the dictatorship of King Pahlavi. In the 1950s, he sympathized with Mossadegh's anti-king struggle. In the 1960s, he attacked the "White Revolution" initiated by Pahlavi. In June 1963, Ashura Day (a traditional religious festival) was arrested for supporting demonstrations against the king and released in August. In October 1964, he was expelled from the country and exiled to Turkey for criticizing the Shah's government for granting diplomatic privileges to US military advisers. He was later transferred to Najaf, a Shiite religious shrine in Iraq. In October 1978, under pressure from the Shah of Iran, the Iraqi government declared him "persona non grata" and moved to the suburbs of Paris. During his exile, he maintained contact with the country and organized a movement to overthrow the Shah. On January 16, 1979, King Pahlavi was forced to leave the country, and the Islamic Revolution in Iran was victorious. In February, he returned to Tehran after 15 years of exile. He announced the abolition of the monarchy and the establishment of the Islamic Republic. According to the constitution, he was determined to be the supreme religious leader of Islam, with overall military and political power, and served as the supreme head of state. Settled in Qom on March 1. Died of illness on June 3, 1989. Nine rebel Kurds and two former police officers of the king were executed