On this day, 113 years ago, January 7, 1912 (November 19, 1911, the African National Congress of South Africa was established. 1965 King's College, Cambridge, UK. A young man is wiping the slogan "Release Mandela" from the wall of the college church. Nelson Mandela was imprisoned in 1964 for opposing apartheid in South Africa and was not freed until 1990. He later became President of South Africa. On January 7, 1912, the African National Congress of South Africa, the first national political organization of black South Africans, was established. The organization advocates African unity, opposes any form of racism, and "builds a non-racial, unified and democratic South Africa." In 1929, it joined forces with the African Trade Union and the Communist Party of South Africa to establish African People's Rights, calling for the abolition of the pass law and permit system. In 1952, he launched the "Movement for Disregard of Unjust Acts" with the Indian Congress of South Africa. In June 1955, he participated in the formulation of the Freedom Charter, requiring all Africans to enjoy equal citizenship rights. In 1960, he participated in the "Movement Against the Pass Law". The Sharpeville Massacre was later declared illegal. In 1961, the armed organization "Spear of the Nation" was established. At the same time, it vigorously carried out various forms of struggle such as politics and diplomacy, and its domestic influence continued to expand. Received recognition and support from the Organization of African Unity. It became a legal organization again in 1989. South African National Congress leader Nelson Mandela gave a speech