The Republic of Liberia is a country in Africa located in western Africa. It is bounded by Guinea to the north, Sierra Leone to the northwest, Cote d'Ivoire to the east, and the Atlantic Ocean to the southwest.
In the early 19th century, some American slaves moved to what is now called Liberia after liberation, so the country's name means "liberty" and "liberated" in English.
Liberia is an agricultural country and is one of the least developed countries in the world announced by the United Nations. The agricultural population accounts for 72% of the total population. The country has 3.80 million hectares of arable land, less than 13% of which has been developed, and food is not self-sufficient.
In February 1824, the American Colonial Society officially named the colony Liberia after the Latin word "Liber" (freedom); the Mesurado settlement was named Monrovia in honor of President Monroe. Colonial societies in various states in the United States also established settlement areas along the coast of Liberia. In 1838, eight settlement areas including Monrovia, New Georgia, and Buchanan were merged to form the Federation of Liberia, which was governed by a white governor appointed by the American Colonial Society. In September 1841, Joseph Jenkins Roberts took over as governor, becoming the first black American governor. In 1845, British merchants refused to pay customs duties in Liberia. Liberia urgently demanded the establishment of an independent sovereign state in order to maintain its sovereignty. The American Colonial Society had to agree to Liberia's independence because it could no longer afford the funds of its colonies. On July 26, 1847, the Commonwealth of Liberia issued the Declaration of Independence, officially declaring independence and establishing the Republic of Liberia. At the same time, a constitution of the Republic of Liberia modeled on the United States Constitution was promulgated, and the state power system and institutions were also imitated by the United States. Joseph Jenkins Roberts was elected as the first president.