93 years ago today, on June 24, 1932 (the 21st day of the fifth lunar month), Thailand became a constitutional state. On June 24, 1932, the Siamese (Thai) bourgeoisie and military jointly launched a palace coup. In 1928, intellectuals studying in Europe were influenced by Western ideas of freedom and equality and established a Democratic Party in Siam to advocate human rights and freedom. Oppose aristocratic dictatorship and advocate the establishment of a constitutional monarchy. In the early morning of June 24, 1932, the coup army led by Lieutenant Colonel Phiyapphong, a young army officer, occupied the palace and arrested more than 40 members of the royal family and government officials, and took control of the capital Bangkok. () That night, representatives of the Democratic Party met with King Rama VII and demanded the implementation of a constitutional monarchy and the establishment of a national assembly. The party leaders widely publicized the purpose of the coup and issued a coup declaration drafted by Bili Panonjong. Exposing the shortcomings of the authoritarian regime, he proposed a six-point policy program for democratic reform. On June 27, the king signed the interim constitution drafted by the party, which stipulated that "the power of the state belongs to the people" and that the power of the king was weakened and limited. The coup ended the monarchy and established a constitutional monarchy.