On this day, 130 years ago, on January 14, 1895 (December 19, 1894, the Meiji government of Japan secretly decided to "incorporate the Diaoyu Islands into Japanese territory." Diaoyu Islands, China's! In 1894, during the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, China was defeated. On January 14, 1895, the Meiji government of Japan secretly decided to "incorporate the Diaoyu Islands into Japanese territory." On January 21, the Japanese cabinet discussed again and decided to forcibly occupy the Diaoyu Islands. The Diaoyu Islands and its affiliated islands have been China's territory since ancient times. China was the first to discover, name and use the Diaoyu Islands. Our basic position no matter what unilateral measures Japan takes on the Diaoyu Islands, it cannot change the fact that the Diaoyu Islands and its affiliated islands belong to China. The China government is unwavering in its determination and will to safeguard the country's territorial sovereignty, and its determination to defend the victory of the world anti-fascist war is unwavering. We have the confidence and ability to defeat Japan's trampling on historical facts and international legal principles and maintain regional peace and order. Through the unequal Treaty of Shimonoseki in 1895, the Diaoyu Islands and its affiliated islands were ceded to Japan as affiliated islands of Taiwan Island. After World War II, the Diaoyu Islands and its affiliated islands returned to China in accordance with legal documents such as the Cairo Declaration, Potsdam Proclamation, and Japan's Surrender. After 1952, the United States arbitrarily expanded the scope of the so-called "trusteeship" and illegally included China's Diaoyu Islands and its affiliated islands. In 1972, the United States "returned" the "governance power" of the Diaoyu Islands and its affiliated islands to Japan. The private transfer and acceptance of China territory between the United States and Japan has no legal effect, and China firmly opposes it. Diaoyu Islands and its affiliated islands are an integral part of China's territory. Whether from a historical or legal perspective, the Diaoyu Islands and its affiliated islands are China's inherent territory, and China has indisputable sovereignty over them. Before the Japanese so-called "discovered" the Diaoyu Islands, China had exercised jurisdiction over the Diaoyu Islands and its affiliated islands for hundreds of years. In 1895, Japan took advantage of the Sino-Japanese War to secretly "incorporate" the Diaoyu Islands into its territory, and claimed sovereignty over the Diaoyu Islands as "land without owner" based on the so-called "preemption" principle. Japan's move seriously violates the relevant rules on territorial acquisition under international law. It is an illegal act of occupying China's territory and has no effect under international law. There is historical evidence that the Diaoyu Islands are the inherent territory of China-it is completely illegal and invalid for Japan to steal and occupy the Diaoyu Islands. As early as March 8, 1972, Japan issued the "Basic Opinions of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs on the Contenession of the Senkaku Islands," claiming that the Diaoyu Islands and their affiliated islands are "Japan's inherent territory." Since then, this has been used as a basis. The so-called basis: First, in 1884, Shinshiro Koga, a native of Fukuoka, Japan, first discovered that there were a large number of albatrosses inhabiting Huangwei Island, and their feathers could be sold to Europe. In 1885, he asked the Okinawa County Magistrate to allow it to develop. Based on this, the Japanese government claimed that the Diaoyu Islands were first discovered and developed by the Japanese. The historical fact is that a large number of historical materials from China, the Ryukyu Kingdom and Japan prove that as early as the early Ming Dynasty, when China sent envoys to the Ryukyu Kingdom, they discovered the Diaoyu Islands and their affiliated islands and used them as nautical signs. At the beginning of the 14th century and the early Ming Dynasty, the Diaoyu Islands were included in China's maritime defense zone as a territory by China and under its jurisdiction. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the imperial court sent canonized envoys to the Ryukyu Kingdom 24 times, leaving behind a large number of "Records of envoys to Ryukyu", which recorded in detail the topography and topography of the Diaoyu Islands and defined that the east of Chiwei Island is the dividing line between China and Ryukyu. The "Compilation of the Draft Sea" compiled by Hu Zongxian, a famous anti-Japanese hero of the Ming Dynasty, and Zheng Ruozeng, a geographer, in 1561, the "Complete Map of Coastal Defense" drawn by Xu Bida and others in 1605, and the "Wubei Chronicles of Coastal Defense 2 Map of Fujian Coastal Mountains and Sand" compiled by Mao Yuanyi in 1621, etc., all included the Diaoyu Islands in the coastal defense frontier of Zhejiang and Fujian to resist Japanese pirates. After repeated investigations in 1885, the Japanese government knew that the Diaoyu Islands were not land without owners, but did not approve the development of Shinshiro Koga. It was not until the Sino-Japanese War in 1894, when China was defeated and forced to cede Taiwan and its affiliated islands that the Japanese government approved the development of Shinshiro Koga Island in 1896. Therefore, Japan believes that the theory that the Japanese discovered and developed first is completely untenable. Second, Japan first occupied the Diaoyu Islands before signing the Treaty of Shimonoseki with China. Therefore, the Diaoyu Islands do not fall within the scope of the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Declaration that should be returned to China's territory. The fact is that from September to November 1885, the Japanese government sent people to the Diaoyu Islands three times secretly for investigation. From 1885 to 1893, the Okinawa Prefectural authorities wrote to the Japanese government three times, applying to designate Diaoyu Islands, Huangwei Island, and Chiwei Island under the jurisdiction of Okinawa Prefecture and establish national stakes. At that time, China responded to Japan's above actions. On September 6, 1885 (July 28, 11th year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty), China's "Declaration" pointed out: "On the islands in northeastern Taiwan, the Japanese hang the Japanese flag on them, which has a great tendency to occupy them." At this time, the Qing government established the Prime Minister's Naval Affairs Office, established Taiwan Province, and vigorously strengthened coastal defense, which made the Japanese government have to be cautious about this. In a letter to Minister of Internal Affairs Aritomo Yamamura, Japanese Foreign Minister Inoue believed that "if there are measures such as openly establishing a national standard at this moment, it will be suspected by the Qing Dynasty. Therefore, at present, it is limited to on-site investigations and detailed reports on the shape of the harbor and whether there are land and products that can be developed in the future." Therefore, the Japanese government did not approve Okinawa Prefecture's application at that time, which showed that the Japanese government was fully aware that these islands belonged to China at the time and did not dare to act rashly due to concerns about China's reaction. In July 1894, Japan launched the Sino-Japanese War, and the Qing Dynasty Beiyang Fleet was completely annihilated. At the end of November of the same year, Japanese troops occupied Lushun Pass in China, and the Qing government's defeat was settled. In this context, on December 27 of the same year, Japanese Minister of the Interior Yasushi Nomura sent a letter to Minister of Foreign Affairs Ryu Oku Munemitsu saying: "Regarding the establishment of piles under the jurisdiction of 'Kuba Island'(i.e. Huangwei Island) and Yudiao Island (i.e. Diaoyu Island)","The situation has changed in the past and present, and it is expected to be submitted to the cabinet meeting for reconsideration of this matter as attached. I hereby discuss it with you first." On January 11, 1895, Lu Ao Zongguang replied to express support. On January 14, the Japanese cabinet secretly passed a resolution to place Diaoyu Islands and other islands under the jurisdiction of Okinawa Prefecture. But in fact, Japan did not establish any national stake on the Diaoyu Islands at that time, and the Diaoyu Islands and other islands were not specified in the imperial decree of the Emperor of Japan on the geographical scope of Okinawa. On April 17 of the same year, China was forced to sign an unequal treaty with Japan, the Treaty of Shimonoseki, ceding the entire island of Taiwan and all affiliated islands to Japan. When the Treaty of Shimonoseki was signed, Japan did not dare to declare that the Diaoyu Islands were under Japan's jurisdiction and were not within the islands to which Taiwan belongs. Therefore, the Diaoyu Islands can only be ceded to Japan as an affiliated island of Taiwan. In 1940, Taiwan, which was then under Japanese jurisdiction, competed with Ryukyu for the right to own the Diaoyu Islands. The Tokyo Court of Japan ruled that the Diaoyu Islands still belonged to Taiwan's jurisdiction. The 1943 Cairo Declaration clearly stipulated: "The territories stolen by Japan from China, such as Manchuria, Taiwan, and the Penghu Islands, shall be returned to the Republic of China. Japan will also be expelled from all the land it has acquired through violence and greed." Article 8 of the Potsdam Proclamation after World War II stipulates: "The conditions of the Cairo Declaration will be implemented, and Japan's sovereignty will be limited to Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku, and other small islands as we decide." On September 2, 1945, the Japanese government declared in Articles 1 and 6 of the Tokyo Instrument of Surrender that it "undertakes the obligation to faithfully fulfill the provisions of the Potsdam Declaration." In 1972, the governments of China and Japan issued a joint statement, Article 3 of which stipulated: "The Japanese government fully understands and respects the position of the China government and adheres to the position of Article 8 of the Potsdam Declaration." Therefore, the Diaoyu Islands and its affiliated islands together with Taiwan have been legally returned to China. In its "Basic Views on the Contentance of the Senkaku Islands", the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated that "the islands have historically been part of the southwestern islands of our territory, and are not included in the Taiwan and Penghu Islands that were ceded under the Shimonoseki Treaty (i.e., the Treaty of Shimonoseki) that came into effect in 28 Meiji." The basis for this is a resolution secretly passed by the Japanese cabinet in January 1895. It took 75 years to announce the secret of voluntarily stealing China territory. This is really a complete rogue quibble. Third, Japan believes that "the Senkaku Islands are not included in the territory surrendered by Japan in Article 2 of the San Francisco Peace Treaty, but are placed under U.S. administration as part of the Southwest Islands in accordance with Article 3, including in the area where the Japan-US Agreement on Ryukyu Islands and Greater East Islands signed on June 17 last year (1971) returned my country's administrative power." "After the United States handed over the trusteeship area to Japan, it naturally became Japan's territory." The Ministry of Foreign Affairs believes: "China has not raised any objection to the fact that the Senkaku Islands are completely governed by the United States under Article 3 of the San Francisco Peace Treaty, which shows that China does not consider the Senkaku Islands to be part of Taiwan." "It was only in the second half of the 1970s, when the oil development trend on the East China Sea continental shelf surfaced that the issue of sovereignty over the Senkaku Islands was first raised." On September 8, 1951, the United States and some countries, excluding China, concluded the "San Francisco Peace Treaty" with Japan at that time, stipulating that the Southwest Islands south of the 29th North latitude should be entrusted by the United Nations, with the United States as the only governing authority. On September 18 of the same year, Foreign Minister Zhou Enlai issued a statement on behalf of the China government and pointed out: "Since the" San Francisco Peace Treaty "was not prepared, drafted and signed by the People's Republic of China, the China government considers it illegal and invalid, and therefore it must not be recognized." Moreover, the Southwest Islands determined by the peace treaty to be entrusted to the United States do not include the Diaoyu Islands. On December 15, 1953, the U.S. military government of the Ryukyu Islands issued the "Geographical Limits of the Ryukyu Islands"(Notice No. 27) to expand the scope of U.S. trusteeship and include China's territory, the Diaoyu Islands. There is no legal basis for this practice in the United States. On June 12, 1971, the United States and Japan signed an agreement "on the return of the administrative rights of the Ryukyu Islands and Diaoyu Islands to Japan." In response, the government and people of China, as well as overseas Chinese, expressed strong opposition. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China issued a statement strongly condemning the governments of the United States and Japan for openly including the Diaoyu Islands, China's territory, in the "return area," pointing out that "this is a flagrant violation of China's territorial sovereignty and that the China people will absolutely not tolerate." In this regard, the U.S. government had to clarify and publicly stated that "returning the governance rights over these islands originally obtained from Japan to Japan will not undermine its sovereignty." The United States cannot add to Japan the legal rights it had before they handed over the governance power of these islands to us, nor can it weaken the rights of other countries 'claimants by returning it to Japan... Any claim in disputes over these islands is a matter for the parties to resolve each other." When the U.S. Senate approved the "Agreement on the Return of Okinawa" in the same year, the U.S. State Department issued a statement stating that although the United States returned the administrative power of the archipelago to Japan, the United States would adopt a neutral stance in the future and would not be biased towards any party in the dispute in the confrontational territorial claims of China and Japan over the archipelago. Until recently, the U.S. State Department has repeatedly reiterated: "U.S. policy is long-term and has never changed. The United States has no position on the final sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands. We expect all parties to resolve this issue through peaceful means." Facts have just proved that "both in history and in international law," the Diaoyu Islands are China's inherent territory. Whether Japan stole China's territory, the Diaoyu Islands, or the United States and Japan privately transferred and accepted the Diaoyu Islands, they both seriously violated China's territorial sovereignty. They are illegal and invalid, and cannot change the fact that the Diaoyu Islands belong to China.