Tommaso Albinoni

Albinoni was born in Venice on June 14, 1671, into a family of landowners and paper merchants. He began receiving music education at the age of 9, including violin and singing. Because of the wealth of his family, Albinoni did not have to seek aristocratic funding or work for the church, as many musicians did. Although he considers himself an amateur music lover, he mastered violin and singing at a very young age. His first opera known as Zenobia was performed in 1694. In the same year he published a collection of 12 sonatas.

In 1705, he married soprano opera actress Margherita Rimondi and had six children after marriage.

In 1721, his wife died, and the estate on which he depended was taken away by a creditor. He had to find a job as a violinist in an orchestra to earn money. In addition, he also succeeded as a singer in an orchestra. At the same time, he began to publish his works with dedication and seriousness. He was a successful opera writer, and in a very short time he was well paid.

In 1741, Albinoni retired after many years as a freelance composer.

He died on January 17, 1751 in Venice.

Albinoni composed at least 81 operas in his lifetime, but most of them have been lost, and only a dozen have been passed down. In addition, he has 99 sonatas, 59 concertos and 9 symphonies. Albinoni was known for his violin playing, and he was generally regarded as an instrumental composer, so later generations called him more of a violin composer. His oboe concertos are very distinctive. His contemporary composer Vivaldi transplanted the characteristics of the violin to the oboe, and he used the oboe as a substitute for the human voice. His oboe concertos are very delicate in melody, trying to avoid the uncomfortable jumping of the violin. His instrumental pieces, including the trio sonatas, were greatly appreciated by Bach.

Albinoni's works are actually no less important than Vivaldi's. At that time, Bach also asked his disciples to study Albinoni's works carefully. Bach's Brandenburg Concerto contains Albinoni's concerto style. It is generally believed that Bach's concertos, most of which were originally composed during his service in Weimar (1708-1723), were produced during these years. Several important Italian concertos were published, especially the works of Albinoni and Vivaldi, which Bach knew well. In fact, Bach was so envious of Albinoni's work that he adapted some of Albinoni's works into harpsichord solos, such as the three early Albinoni-themed fugues for keyboards (BWV 946, BWV 950, and BWV 951/951a), a series based on Albinoni's sonata a tre Op.1 (1694), no doubt playing them alone in order to get rid of the orchestra's drag.

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