Sixty-six years ago today, on September 24, 1959 (August 22, 1959), the Great Hall of the People was completed. Exterior view of the Great Hall of the People On September 24, 1959, the Great Hall of the People was completed. In Tiananmen Square, where Chairperson Mao announced the establishment of the People's Republic of China to the world ten years ago, a magnificent building was built. This is the Great Hall of the People. Representatives of the country's six hundred million people will discuss national policies here, and the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress will plan national plans here. Tiananmen has become a place that the people of the whole country and progressives around the world yearn for more. This Great Hall, located on the right in front of Tiananmen, is currently the most magnificent building in the capital. The building area is 171,800 square meters and the volume is 1.596,900 cubic meters. The building area exceeds the sum of the entire effective use area of the Forbidden City. A yellow and green glass eave hooks it down from the blue sky, and the magnificent colonnade, elegant tones, and various building facades around it form a solemn and gorgeous picture. We, accompanied by the architect, walked from Tiananmen Square to the facade of the Great Hall. The national emblem inlaid on the top of the main entrance shot a golden light at us from a distance. Stepping up the one-story granite steps, facing twelve light gray marble door posts. The door post is twenty-five meters high, and the column body can only be hugged by four people. The column spacing adopts the traditional method of colonnade in our country. The bright space is wide, and the second time is narrowed in turn. It is different from the Western classical architecture of the gate pillar with narrow width at the bottom, and it is not exactly like the traditional flat wooden door pillar in our country. The architects absorbed the advantages of ancient and modern Chinese and foreign architectural door pillars to create such a tall and powerful colonnade. Enter the golden bronze door, pass through the wide wind gate hall and the coat and hat hall, and you will reach the central hall, the hub part of the Great Hall building. The architect stood here and pointed around to give us a general introduction to the layout of the whole building: go west to the 10,000-person auditorium, pass through the banquet hall in the north, and pass through the long corridor in the south, which is the office building of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. The whole building is composed of these three parts. Each part has its own focus and is connected to each other. Passing through the central hall is the venue of the National People's Congress - the Great Hall of Ten Thousand People. From the outside, it looks like a building more than ten stories high. According to the figures, the inside is 76 meters wide and 60 meters deep, and the middle is 33 meters high. Its volume is 86,000 cubic meters, which is equal to ten sky bridge theaters. But because of the clever handling of the designers, the people who enter the hall look around and see that from the canopy to the ground, the upper and lower circles are seamlessly integrated, and they do not feel very empty. The canopy is dome-shaped, with nearly 500 light holes arranged vertically and horizontally. When the lights are bright, it looks like a starry sky. In the center of the canopy hangs a ruby-like five-star lamp, surrounded by 70 golden lines of light and 40 gold-filled sunflower petals. On its periphery, there are three distinct rings of water waveform dark light slots, which are matched by the light cyan plastic plates installed around it, forming a wonder of "water and sky are the same color" and "heaven and earth are one." In this 10,000-person auditorium, the podium is like a small venue, capable of accommodating more than 300 people in the presidium. In the oval-shaped conference hall, there are two tiers of podium, and there are three layers of seats even on the ground. There are more than 3,600 seats on the ground floor, mainly for delegates. The tables and cabinets of each seat are equipped with translations that can translate 12 languages at the same time, and there is a loudspeaker for impromptu speeches on every four seats. The first tiers have more than 3,400 seats, and the second tiers have more than 2,600 seats. The first row of the podium on the first floor is equipped with the same sound amplification equipment as the seats on the bottom floor, and the rest of the seats also have loudspeakers that can hear a language. Lights under the canopy and podium illuminate every corner of the auditorium. The two podiums are like two crescent moons, arching around the podium, forming the auditorium into a distinct and orderly whole. The shape of the auditorium is so perfect, and the color is so fresh, that we cannot help but admire the outstanding creativity and wisdom of the builders. But how is the sound problem handled in such a large space? Can anyone sitting in any corner be guaranteed to hear the speech on the podium? When the building was about to be completed, the construction workers held a ceremony here to celebrate the completion of the building. Journalists also attended the meeting and listened to Comrade Mei Lanfang's performance of the Peking Opera "The Concubine Drunk". We walked from the front seat to the last row of seats and heard the song with the same clarity and garden. The architects told us that dealing with the acoustics of this 10,000-person auditorium does pose a new challenge for architects and acousticians. From an acoustic point of view, the auditorium should occupy four to six cubic meters of space per person. If calculated according to this, the 10,000-person auditorium can only have a maximum volume of 60,000 cubic meters. No matter how big it is, the sound is difficult to hear clearly. According to this convention, the 10,000-person auditorium should be built like a normal movie theater, with the canopy and platform tilted forward to reduce the space. But this will give people a feeling of oppression. No one has ever built such a large building. When dealing with this issue, there has been some debate, but after clarifying the design idea of "people as the main, things for people", it jumped out of the conventional circle and relaxed the space occupied by each person. In this way, it is even more important to solve the sound problem. At this juncture, the builders burst into a spark of wisdom, ingeniously installing small speakers on every seat, installing slag wool on the roof and walls, and drilling millions of holes in the ceiling to turn it into a drilled sound-absorbing board. After taking these technical measures, the excess sound waves emitted on the podium can be completely sucked away, without echo, and can leave some reverberation, which does not sound dry. The sound quality of the best theater in Beijing is now only 80%, and the sound quality here has reached more than 90%. People can hear the speaker's voice clearly and accurately. In this tall auditorium, although the seats on the upper and lower three floors vary greatly, the ground floor area is more than 3,000 square meters, and the farthest point is 60 meters from the rostrum, but not a single pillar blocks people's view. To give us an idea of the structure of the building, the designer drew a sketch for us and told us that the auditorium canopy contains a dozen steel roof trusses wider than the pavement of Beijing's newly expanded East Chang'an Street. One end of six of them is pressed against a nine-meter-high reinforced concrete beam, and all these weights are pressed together on two pillars at the entrance of the podium, each of which can bear the weight of more than 3,000 tons. Such a huge and complex structure must be such a difficult project. Here, the architects highly praise the great wisdom and creative work of the construction workers, who completed this rare structural project in such a short period of time, and installed all kinds of complex modern equipment such as sound, electricity, hot and cold wind, and television broadcast. The north wing of the Great Hall is the Banquet Hall, facing Chang'an Street. Enter from the north gate, pass through the marble colonnade, wind foyer, and coat and hat hall, and enter the ground floor hall of the banquet hall. This is the place to rest before the banquet. Moving forward, there are five sets of 62-level white marble steps. On the wall facing the wall, there is a huge Chinese painting with the theme of Chairperson Mao's noun "Qinyuan Spring" and Yongxue. On one side of the painting is a vast white country, "Mountain dancing silver snakes, Yuan Chi wax elephants"; on the other side of the painting, the sun rises in the vast sea of clouds, shining on the wonderful mountains and rivers, making the country look so beautiful. From here, after passing the east-west marquee, you enter the banquet hall. The banquet hall with 5,000 seats is another view. It covers an area of 7,000 square meters, which is larger than a football field. Such a large banquet hall is not too big for our country of six hundred million people, but it is rare in architecture. The height of the hall is only more than fifteen meters, but because the builders have adopted the method of square well height and low surroundings, they have achieved different levels of contrast, making people feel that the hall is magnificent and spacious. The most striking thing in the hall is the artistic decoration of the canopy and the cloister columns. It beautifies the whole hall very beautifully, giving people a feeling of relaxation and cheerfulness, and it has a graceful and elegant atmosphere. The architect also showed us the kitchen set in the east and west corners of The North Face of the hall. The kitchen can go directly to the cloisters on both sides of the hall. When the banquet is held, the waiters and waiters go in and out of the corridor in an orderly manner. The kitchen is also modernized, with elevators and staircases for vertical transportation in the upper kitchen, refrigerated rooms in the basement, food processing rooms, etc. Raw and cooked food, dirty and clean tableware, also have a single line of transportation, which does not pollute each other. The south wing of the Great Hall of the People is the office building of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. It is a mouth-shaped building. There is a 6,000-square-meter inner courtyard in the middle, with a lawn inside, which is an ideal venue for group photography and a quiet place to rest. From the inner courtyard, through an arched cave door, you will reach the outside of the Great Hall of the People. When we spent the whole day touring the building, the sunset was already hanging diagonally on the west hill. Thousands of rays of sunlight sprinkled on the green trees outside, on the light apricot walls, on the red walls and yellow tiles of Tiananmen Square, emitting a brilliant splendor. Great Hall of the People Hall